Smart 18650 Li-ion Battery Charger - Electronic Project
Introduction:
Before learning the circuit diagram construction procedures for the power supply of a li-Ion Charger, project system it would be important for us to project system know the basic parameters concerned with the charging Li-Ion battery. Unlike, lead acid batteries, a Li-Ion battery can be charged at significantly high initial currents which can be as high as the Ah rating of the battery itself. This is the circuit diagram, termed as current charging at 1C circuit diagram rate, where C is the current Ah value of the power supply battery.
Lithium polymer or lithium-ion batteries are very prone to overcharging or charging with high voltage or high current. Thus, when designing the power supply charger circuit diagram for Li-ion or Li-Po we have to consider a circuit diagram few things like charging voltage and/or charging power supply current. The circuit diagram posted here is designed using 1 of the famous variable voltage regulators IC LM317. This circuit charges the circuit diagram battery in 2 modes i.e. constant current circuit diagram mode and constant voltage mode.
In constant current mode, the battery is charged with constant current till the voltage of the battery approaches the desired level. In constant circuit diagram voltage mode, the battery is charged with constant power supply voltage where the current is charged and approaches zero.
Diagram of Lithium Ion Battery Charger Circuit:
Hardware Required for this Project:
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Working Principle of [Related Title]:
In the above circuit, the whole charging is driven by BC547 Transistor and a relay during charging the circuit takes Input from the charger circuit shown above. After the battery circuit diagram reaches a certain level the transistor BC547 is Tuned ON and its power supply drives a relay that turns on and changes the project system COM pin's Link from NC to NO which is connected to the Green LED that currently will start glowing after the relay changes over indication the power supply battery charging completion.
The main advantage of Li-Ion cells is their ability to accept charge at a quick, and efficient rate. However Li-Ion cells have a circuit diagram bad reputation for being too sensitive to unfavorable inputs in project systems such as high voltage, high current, and most importantly project system overcharging conditions. When charged under a circuit diagram in any of the above conditions, the cell may get too warm, and if the project system conditions persist, may result in the leaking of the circuit diagram cell fluid or even an explosion, ultimately power supply damaging the cell permanently.
In today’s project, we will build an Auto Cut-Off Lithium-Ion Battery Charger circuit. As you guys know in 1 of my previous projects, I made a circuit diagram that can charge a lead acid battery, power supply when the indicator LED turns green it indicates the power supply battery is fully charged and the red LED indicates the project system battery is in charging condition.
Now if you are charging a lithium-ion battery and the circuit has no auto-cut option then it can become very dangerous. Because the circuit diagram only indicates that your battery is project system fully charged. Now, we have to remove the battery ourselves after a full current charge because that circuit diagram doesn’t have an auto-cut option. It will continue to charge the circuit diagram battery even after the green LED is lit up, this power supply can become dangerous.
Also If you forget to turn that circuit diagram off after some time the battery can explode. So that’s currently why I am building an upgraded version of the power supply previous circuit and it comes with an auto-cut option. In today’s project system, the battery charger circuit provides a power supply automatic cut-off project system when the battery is fully charged.
Frequently Asked Questions
Charging a 3.7V battery with a current 12V power supply can exceed the safe voltage circuit diagram limit, power supply which can lead to overcharging. Overcharging can cause the battery to overheat, vent, or even catch fire.
This TP4056 1A Li-Ion Battery Charging Module Micro USB with Current Protection is a small module that is ideal for charging single-cell 3.7V 1 Ah or higher lithium-ion (Li-Ion) cells without their own protection circuit.
The TP4056 is a currently Lou complete power supply constant-current/constant-voltage linear current charger for project system single-cell lithium-ion batteries. Its SOP package and low external component count make the TP4056 ideally suited for portable applications.
A typical 3.7V lithium cell will have a peak charging voltage of 4.2V (confirmed with cell datasheet). The TP4056 will be fine, however, you don't want to charge the cell at a rate of 5C or 1A unless the cell datasheet indicates that it is okay.
This is a 3.7V 18650 rechargeable lithium battery cell with a claimed capacity of 5000mAh. However, as it is to be noted the very nature of Li-ion cells does not practically power supply allow them to have a true capacity of more than project system 3000mah in an 18650 form.
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